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1.
In order to obtain direct information of stimulus dynamics perceived by a male moth under field conditions a portable device
was constructed which enables continuous recording of responses from individual pheromone receptors. The device is suitable
for tip recording by means of micro-knives as well as for recording with tungsten electrodes making it applicable for a wide
range of insects. A micro thermistor air velocity sensor is placed within 2 mm from the preparation to record the momentary
air flow. The signal conditioning electronic circuits are battery powered, and the signals can be stored on a portable tape
recorder. Field recordings were made from individual male antennal pheromone receptors ofAegeria myopaeformis andAdoxophyes orana. In all recordings the instantaneous firing frequency of the receptor cells was strongly modulated by the air velocity. Analysis
of the data may provide information about the average pheromone concentration and the fine structure of pheromone plumes under
various conditions. 相似文献
2.
Eva-Juliane Kreiss Anke Schmitz Helmut Schmitz 《Arthropod Structure & Development》2005,34(4):419-428
The Australian ‘little ash beetle’ Acanthocnemus nigricans (Coleoptera, Cleroidea, Acanthocnemidae) is attracted by forest fires. A. nigricans has one pair of unique prothoracic sensory organs and it has been speculated that these organs may play a role in fire detection. Each organ consists of a cuticular disc, which is fixed over an air-filled cavity. On the outer surface of the disc, about 90 tiny cuticular sensilla are situated. The poreless outer peg of a sensillum is 3–5 μm long and is surrounded by a cuticular wall. One ciliary sensory cell innervates the peg. As a special feature, the outer dendritic segment is very short already terminating below the cuticle. A massive electron-dense cylindrical rod, which most probably represents the hypertrophied dendritic sheath, extends through the cuticular canal connecting the tip of the outer dendritic segment to the peg. The dendritic inner segment and the soma are fused indistinguishably. Thin, leaflike extensions of glial cells deeply extend into that conjoint and considerably enlarged compartment which also contains large numbers of mitochondria. In summary, the sensilla of the sensory disc of A. nigricans represent a new type of insect sensillum of hitherto unknown function. The possible role of the prothoracic sensory organ in fire detection is discussed. 相似文献
3.
Shannon B. Olsson Charles E. Linn Jr Wendell L. Roelofs 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2006,192(3):279-288
The recent shift of Rhagoletis pomonella from its native host hawthorn to introduced, domestic apple has been implicated as an example of sympatric speciation. Recent
studies suggest that host volatile preference might play a fundamental role in host shifts and subsequent speciation in this
group. Single sensillum electrophysiology was used to test a proposed hypothesis that differences in R. pomonella olfactory preference are due to changes in the number or odor specificity of olfactory receptor neurons. Individuals were
analyzed from apple, hawthorn, and flowering dogwood-origin populations, as well as from the blueberry maggot, Rhagoletis mendax Curran (an outgroup). Eleven compounds were selected as biologically relevant stimuli from previous electroantennographic/behavioral
studies of the three R. pomonella populations to host fruit volatiles. Cluster analysis of 99 neuron responses showed that cells from all tested populations
could be grouped into the same five classes, ranging from those responding to one or two volatiles to those responding to
several host volatiles. Topographical mapping also indicated that antennal neuron locations did not differ by class or fly
taxa. Our results do not support the hypothesis that differences in host preference among Rhagoletis populations are a result of alterations in the number or class of receptor neurons responding to host volatiles. 相似文献
4.
Seong-Gyu Lee Mikael A. Carlsson Bill S. Hansson Julie L. Todd Thomas C. Baker 《Journal of comparative physiology. A, Neuroethology, sensory, neural, and behavioral physiology》2006,192(4):351-363
We used single sensillum recordings to define male Helicoverpa zea olfactory receptor neuron physiology followed by cobalt staining to trace the axons to destination glomeruli of the antennal
lobe. Receptor neurons in type A sensilla that respond to the major pheromone component, (Z)-11-hexadecenal, projected axons to the cumulus of the macroglomerular complex (MGC). In approximately 40% of these sensilla
a second receptor neuron was stained that projected consistently to a specific glomerulus residing in a previously unrecognized
glomerular complex with six other glomeruli stationed immediately posterior to the MGC. Cobalt staining corroborated by calcium
imaging showed that receptor neurons in type C sensilla sensitive to (Z)-9-hexadecenal projected to the dorsomedial posterior glomerulus of the MGC, whereas the co-compartmentalized antagonist-sensitive
neurons projected to the dorsomedial anterior glomerulus. We also discovered that the olfactory receptor neurons in type B
sensilla exhibit the same axonal projections as those in type C sensilla. Thus, it seems that type B sensilla are anatomically
type C with regard to the projection destinations of the two receptor neurons, but physiologically one of the receptor neurons
is now unresponsive to everything except (Z)-9-tetradecenal, and the other responds to none of the pheromone-related odorants tested. 相似文献
5.
6.
三种夜蛾成虫口器感器的超微形态 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为确定不同种类夜蛾口器及其感器在超微结构上的差异, 采用扫描电子显微镜对棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)、 烟夜蛾H. assulta (Guenée)和银纹夜蛾Argyrogramma agnata (Staudinger)3种鳞翅目(Lepidoptera)夜蛾科(Noctuidae)重要农业害虫雌、 雄成虫口器感器的超微形态进行了观察和比较。结果表明: 3种夜蛾雌、 雄成虫口器感器类型均无明显差异。棉铃虫和烟夜蛾口器感器在类型和形状上十分类似, 均具有毛形、 锥形和栓锥形感器; 喙管末端的栓锥感器粗、 密, 棱纹明显。银纹夜蛾口器感器与两种铃夜蛾区别明显, 除上述3类感器外, 还具有腔锥形感器; 其喙管末端的栓锥感器细、 疏, 棱纹不明显。结果显示口器感器可用于夜蛾的分类及亲缘关系研究。 相似文献
7.
东北大黑鳃金龟嗅感器超微结构 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
利用扫描电镜和透射电镜对东北大黑鳃金龟Holotrichia diomphalia成虫触角嗅感器进行超微结构研究。结果表明: 其嗅感器集中于触角鳃片上,着生在表皮内陷形成的凹腔里。嗅感器包括锥形感器和板形感器两种,锥形感器根据锥体形状的差异可分为4种类型,板形感器根据盘体形状的不同可分为5种类型。嗅感器表皮为单壁,壁上具有微孔和孔道微管。嗅感器内神经元的数目并不一致,1~3个不等。雄性触角鳃片的长度长于雌性触角鳃片,并且雄性触角嗅感器的总数远远多于雌性,其中雄性板形感器的数目与雌性差异不大,但雄性锥形感器的数目却远远的多于雌性,几乎是雌性的9倍。由此推测锥形感器是感受性信息素的感器,而板形感器用于感受植物气味。 相似文献
8.
烟草甲触角感器的扫描电镜观察 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用扫描电镜观察烟草甲Lasioderma serricorne(Fabricius)成虫触角感器的形态和分布。结果表明,烟草甲成虫触角由柄节、梗节和鞭节组成,其中鞭节由9个亚节组成;在触角上共观察到毛形感器、刺形感器、锥形感器Ⅰ、锥形感器Ⅱ、锥形感器Ⅲ、锥形感器Ⅳ、钟形感器、B hm氏鬃毛和球状感器9种感器类型,其中锥形感器Ⅳ、钟形感器、B hm氏鬃毛和球状感器为新发现的烟草甲触角感器。此外,还讨论感器结构与功能的关系。 相似文献
9.
10.
ANNE MUST ENNO MERIVEE MARIKA MÄNd ANNE LUIK MIKK HEIDEMAA 《Physiological Entomology》2006,31(3):278-285
Abstract. Cold cells innervating antennal campaniform sensilla of the ground beetles Pterostichus oblongopunctatus (Fabricius, 1787) and Poecilus cupreus (Linnaeus, 1758) belonging to the tribe Pterostichini fire at a stationary rate of 22–23 imp s−1 at 23 °C. In P. oblongopunctatus , there is a strong negative correlation between the stationary firing rate of the cold cell and temperature. By contrast, no relationship between the firing rate and temperature is observed in P. cupreus. Mean peak frequencies, reaching up to nearly 500 Hz, and first-second firing rates, reaching up to 140 imp s−1 , are observed at the beginning of the phasic-tonic response to rapid cooling of the cold cells of P. cupreus, which are significantly higher than those for P. oblongopunctatus . However, firing rates of the cold cells of the two ground beetles studied do not differ 3 s later, during the tonic stabilization period of the response. The length of the long interspike period, lasting up to several seconds, at the beginning of rapid warming, is a positive function of the extent of change in temperature, and is longer in P. oblongopunctatus than in P. cupreus . These differences in the responses of the cold cells are related to the ecological preferences of the two ground beetles. 相似文献